Things that can cause a floor to buckle:
High humidity: Closing up the home, and not running a dehumidifier or the A/C to pull the humid air across the evaporator coils, lowering the humidity, can cause the humidity inside the home to build. The wood gains that added moisture from the air, swells. Having the A/C on but turned up to 78-80ยบ may not run the A/C in the late evening, all the way to the late morning, with humidity building up.
Acclimation: Not acclimating the wood, to regional moisture content range, especially if the windows are let open most of the time. Or acclimating the wood, during the winter time, when the heater is running and drying out the inside of the home. The wood is installed, dry and come spring time, the windows are opened and the humidity rise is too much for the dry installed flooring. It is all about moisture content equilibrium, and maintaining it pretty consistently, especially a plank wood floor. The wider the floor, the more critical.
Water Leaks: Well, that is pretty self explaining.
Dew Point: If you like to have the windows open, the dew point may be close to the temperature. Concrete will always be cooler then the air temperature. It is real easy for a dew point to be achieved on the concrete. Solid wood cannot handle this, where a cross-ply engineered will.
Concrete MVE: Concrete will always emit concrete vapor emissions. You cannot see vapors. The emissions are dynamic, not static, meaning they constantly change. Some more then others. This is why it is mandatory to apply a moisture barrier under the SOLID wood flooring, when installing over concrete.
A cupped appearance, usually accompanies a buckled wood floor, but not always.
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