IMO, most squeaks in very old floors are from the solid sub flooring boards. I have found few hardwood floors that actually squeak. I have found many sub floors that do. By removing the old, original hardwood flooring, it allows one to fix sub floor squeaking. Sub floor squeaks can be repaired from below IF you have access to the floor joists. But it is way more labor intensive that way. Here is a real life example:
I have a friend who is a realtor. He bought an older home built in the early 1950's. The house is a single story with a basement under one part of it. The rest is crawl space. The subflooring is 1 x 6 doug fir planks laid on a diagonal and nailed to joists 16" oc. Over that are very nice 5/16" top nailed strip floors with apron/borders. So he asks me what it would cost to refinish them ( they needed it ) but he's complaining about all the squeaks, creaking and popping noises. I had to explain that the noise was coming from the old sub floor boards working loose over the years. The only options were to: 1) do nothing and live with the noises. 2) locate the floor joists and face nail through the strip flooring into the joists with #8 casing nails. Then fill those large holes during the refinish. This would eliminate 75 to 90% of the noise but not all. And the puttied holes would be somewhat noticeable. 3) Remove the flooring and repair the subfloor. Install new flooring. 4) Attempt to fix the squeaking from below by screwing L shaped metal channels along side the joists then into the subflooring. Not a problem in the basement area. Big hassle in the crawl space area.
We as installers can sometimes get complaints about squeaking, noises floors. Many times, it is the subflooring and not the hardwood flooring. Fixing subfloor noises can be a real nightmare sometimes. The customer needs to understand this is not included in a normal install and we need to charge extra for labor intensive sub floor repairs.
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