It's recommended that planks wider than 5" be glued, since they will only be nailed on one edge, the nails will be far apart. You can use moisture cure poly-urethane for the glue, or latex sub-floor adhesive, either as a full trowel or beads across the planks every foot as they are laid, so any paper under the floor is out. I would use galvanized floor staples every 6 " and also at the ends of planks that are accessible, even though there is no tongue. I think that sanding with a 50 grit random orbit hand sander to take off very rough spots the with 80 grit should be fine for most finishes. I recommend a pigmented oil finish in a brown color like what would be the color if it was left alone, not too dark, for exterior wood surfaces, which will give better UV resistance in the long term. This will also anchor the architecture so the floor seems solid. The over-wood will show wear earliest and oil can be re-applied over clean flooring after wear takes place to keep a nice glow on the floor after it has been lived on over time.
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